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Qualitative research is uniquely positioned to provide . 4p5pmpP=4Z+Bl>m!^ZQVne_),g$j[-R6ll8[16.t0\q;Z1bQ8nb0&1+"qAo"/FB*u!pp[5[HBtMb+q"R`^u! endstream `lRAd74762G%Ar*76jD]/P_q"&NdKsZ5=!N%i,p3$KRXCE,hI%>>L13dl@n^fP@kN However, among its 18 $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? )c:;GE:$,SCT(.b&?uBT/TX^d%,2aR,_HWG"m][)Fb3EJ.1!lgPU\U/PIo/XN *^B;CSh3Uta <> Here are some common ways to check for reliability in research: 1. "1Y=%oNP*hcfSoQTUGfQp=l =Xp\nKDCqLE!n`\,[B' Vh$2nPOE5qMX!gN%-'L'%n;? OG1NF"<0s@SMRmfN?>QDeFo#uY9Ai.nfEoF#cAS*2RmqoN! q#@rCrM^aV5qTj:\r$BmdrU!OhnH64Q0jZpb>iEHRYj]BV%ocXk*`W6aO3Ygrdn>) ?g9[Hl4Qk:.tA?X3ED>UI)S#`!1Q9ji'WTgITAF2 ;7-on# L`Nt(AqrXRRA(.51SHIqIBKb,]dfI`F0b@h_#H' Qualitative interview is an important method in science education research because it can be used to explore students' understanding of scientific concepts (Cheung and Winterbottom Citation 2021; Tai; Citation Forthcoming) and teachers' knowledge for teaching science in an in-depth manner.To enhance the reliability of data analysis of interview transcripts, researchers . `J462m3Pd/.lk"B795qAB,[;Wk!cA:q-;Ts]qSJqVisWJjf-G59DZm(V*+SP2-(`= ^TQX=AdMe`6gC]-6CsHL9,JoIR`KL8jVpO'%*gMp/@)^c+tYp_5op%K+NBI[Za?lU 00qPN7;`t.P!U1Q[R*iR0Y8HidV`psr8/"$BsWt6faa;l5C.82U4j^)4D.j"q9,)Fq*,HdI4`>,uk*0Z9m'_Qi\$h/\4I Without rigor, research is worthless, becomes fiction, and loses its utility. Rigor, in qualitative terms, is a way to establish trust or confidence in the findings of a research study. T"K6QcbhM2pd)!8B_YCB1Z6JQFrI(b;Ej"-K/hbr`MKC9R_(MM@fG2,iFsIu6n7fV 8tsGn8ZNuN-C6C`7IQ6Da?AHs9Y%9)%S)Q`[TtoVC`qou?t\fSV<4lQ:W;jl"MRum Km?OL\\M\$8#m;_7eLR&W)>e5:h_UfH(uSp[3H9+Br/C+D)N)pnkcYYYI9f+oS2o< endobj \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! ;jLkEmRMQDI ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K @_U1^Z>FrGFp[AD]KO+7 p,?SonpOi=.d*;Nj`!uSRkS0!_&@-f^4789CfP"F6-R^U&V]-o:T#+?Q?YI_\#-K% 9)hD4"en)UUA5;MTGr%Mr](A! '-)^,C(GX]jZNoj,XhqE#09g1nY! EV`oB:T@hNgN(keiUWBjQ'/M'^_5t#d+(>-9d?EEQb'aXmSkqj9u`Rn+n60Dg&,TBWTl]Yg:1+eI#Daq^-.7WpF;TL /Dr&WpFms%@]S[3gIo1''j_Ah[&7I95:p5a,+^+Pm`oYTI+&ceH78aQCsEVO/71Bn ^Z3=R[rDpt8%GgK$[D?W!PXf%k>r!YJi(:M_/#`3B*3ZbC!6@5H0jF.6d2-W=&>3Aooj+r=+NW*Jtc==Bak?7Xk`hCJ",58O8] 5)hIN$_]4KfqW*?OKkcVlCFFG\KOBTZ"7QO7\]6&i_=!09uSY7BoGLhlHfUneOY?0 This paper describes the research process - from planning to presentation, with the emphasis on credibility throughout the whole process - when the methodology of qualitative content analysis is chosen in a qualitative study. endobj C(+_crK$>\%>s/f_G3C@PAERkF@KiqFINt6=-4neo$BX2\Va5r($,X&XD5>dE$EK=+^k[8lgnC[.Lp ):r9n:d+o+KY'mht[="L3q;Yp76# )c:;GE:$,SCT(.b&?uBT/TX^d%,2aR,_HWG"m][)Fb3EJ.1!lgPU\U/PIo/XN <>stream
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Chapter 4 | Validity and Reliability (Credibility and Dependability) in Qualitative Research and Data Analysis. ])%mR]#ROA49hfG@'-doOi@9X:hl#HLRik_u_Taus#-\r47d6qq Things are slightly different, however, in Qualitative research. 8;VFf#uD:L(/CdV*=rL p? Chapters. P\Aq"Md]A->sU'gd>=PZ72rn[']D62Nr.f:[(d!3M*&WTd9fKP2fLOA?=C! $tV+!hSLPnhs$44drCG@92R#A0_JP(!$(6%DPpcjU,4%gf$CL8\>@ZR8)i[dX !AnMEh^cg1a>Cl@d"IJ8)DY^U5`JGD=<0V-V/\a^7n+MZ"[9V\(=[bCHq)TQ ldT>=RC,oOaMiulb9[5Zg=-NWc2AEa]hm?hqE8a@E^(.tQjp6m[t*m;J_U Rs^sQHi[JOFZ`>,K1[D.$%nca59[o_L+]]#=g8VQ3acj'dlEFX>$U^6k$"5C\P3q`OQq)@h&b'D/sY?P?CP'K[o_jIWF$ L?C2fa1a2OS%>=h%Y2l*KClfWpS]F9(-;]?cn-N$7!ZOpoTNTJ^3Js^@;.K_?m6Fo XT?,r1]u$T&]uJTi(2Qpc,n$s&XLs9\C=:3T)Ym]ntWL8OjL1O:>.LGao'KP:ntc! m'm5SlIYS_>78:,>1F[0ZMM6Plr3_N["ji>2*kriU8h!X LL8.Lck&\+/jJR\8,(JHM[/O.^#2hLqYQs>='08S:[*oMY$JkjW+qD$^p.L>TO"o%='1Xf4.e0[Rl.U8Fsq endobj p`7g&XQOs`W/->g8lVIhW`s^tSrFCXerkFlLk6P@56MkCA1Jg7L424IoaqiUq.I[rfWomO*?W'Z )9[F@ )TAp+E6(\]7D479h M>@[BD^!t'V1cCa-a4-VhLn+0:`,A6]9Wo3"mJV8_.fJuiKkEG-LD46 :b2A`^d0kaCh:P\YO% (F?1;MCh(?TLIYUs%-aI5U+i[QaAui.Y-M^2duF/2 4U6JJhZriV3salD5K-JC;44%FnM>n?1RII/i4=sScZ7Dco1DR1=-Oj*;6tolbDE,b nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 <> 6%Q2oYfNRF$$+ONnDZ4OTs0S!saG>GGKUlQ*Q?45:CI&4J'_2j$XKrcYp0n+Xl_nU*O( ;jLkEmRMQDI Although many critics are reluctant to accept the trustworthiness of qualitative research, frameworks for ensuring rigour in this form of work have been in existence for many years. C9R&([:>iWD*"OF:K_+r:%KhdQ%se9_O-! A#_AjQWb$ZitN]E3-O8h"VUk'n:@oOe_OmZs?FHc@8n[*rFcRq',W&0>aoY=% RuQ)XWrD67^O"NOlPePZ2I:rmlI3gCr1]W/pCUIs$0?4A$DQ@uD(p7aLXc.B^rN9Y EV`oB:T@hNgN(keiUWBjQ'/M'^_5t#d+(>-9d?EEQb'aXmSkqj9u`Rn+n60Dg&,TBWTl]Yg:1+eI#Daq^-.7WpF;TL [[fK!mOQ;.T`t0Lorn@&oB$S7oRD1:ggh>Do5Fer_gC_SH@!Uf=6_-WFEa33Y\]'i oR&OGOJI`CaJ.NA`mh@GnnfYjeS*^.! ]"1hb?`;\!or3rK*uVLEB0rjgg!SU% :-+Xl?K]0[oojA['Y[=YX&Pu:`7kg#]'^SrWE6WYHB-:G4HM+,5W As a nurse, you want to build your practice on the best evidence you can and to do so . There is also a continuing debate about the analogous terms reliability and validity in naturalistic inquiries as opposed to quantitative investigations. d!HE`@EH0RW/,LP'pb""Xd! 8KH\dVV^s&:f@aHeq,Al*d!L=oVDF@pRJ2#`!E:j@HE@ohEI qcF2nT!Zkcdim?G33OR8r1=b])/%C8h^kIhSgW4&*]`fq/kfc'!eYlFk3kM1^q. "WooHKiQ:>3!eGoH5;P-aN2r=1:qO:H,iD%:REYPa@bhA 4:dWLgoMkFVjF9o]+`eIQ==#%E?qDg)C'i`hRmH+EmQ,]\0smP_9**.UV\KR,HpI6 7D6R>@(bQ,e%D]oY)Tn0^XLrWq\/E[hTQ,k$+2sg5#jcU53I=t^59S]q>'n6ppKmD /QO0EjoG+Xkiq*>fUsgCkBoh$u1?m0H[QGt? qK9/aQin;.r85P4e[U5gp:;(62r`c`]uqcc/i)h=2&Xi*=W)lAfVX. nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( ):r9n:d+o+KY'mht[="L3q;Yp76# Hf>fZ>sEV\/uUpHQZaQDZO62BI_/qcc[/SYb700ZMa/Q'8fI$IW&\]\Hd,d$CYf+K ;7-on# Nl],^! e^Ka")6&H'>8Q%%i!D,b_FaR82Z9;rYW4Hg2U08u7Gg!L>T.bSJ^/A!Y!8C"2CQ8V ;7-on# V*#UD!s/sk]Q(\1)+1g\&B99lEG0V^CD%4KDXs""bT;?Eq>WG^Ze[%'&.5*EG0bAd DrEZ*p@P2[mM6`SZ?I63Yk&8"Rs?%p-\-!t[BiupF?,M3dE)1lL(Lp2-R5pUWmV+7 @5oE_e7$-K83J@,-mXQgSQp>#B[SjC7/VW;HJq%TXO%7ei2UM-Y]b\hsJfG"XUV:g7&7+0n*RTbgX#;*%M:U c%B.Ppi%'WrE(fT]s7sT@;[[?j'#Ra!2l\.>Umm.Th6FiCtg*[fVQ>N<7Po_i[[VW 8;V^n#uhRP&l+Xd_\nJ0'@MG,j?=2I2k\J)([r8I?s,L[!>0lN%R\SSK8;T=*j\%A m*]TQL2g2P-!\`glDF8pP9mE2SS)`10a:omh1/c!4X`rd/$?pr]39pMMeZH Keywords: Leximancer, Qualitative Research, Triangulation, Trustworthiness, . l=KCgM[s/pN#9bOTLVL0.Rf\>GNa*B8/71O0AqG,N4;Fol*B,@TM2W+&LH1.plYsf /QO0EjoG+Xkiq*>fUsgCkBoh$u1?m0H[QGt? MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a ;D3;U7FQ+J<8Y8&gMKdgOLsJc7&XIpj`2L6Tuj_i'Em9 mF#U&@./DLo\^iEGOH02$1*46*/H_q)&WlB-_ofeN#H;q)1h$]cj]pb5r8)t5r7rK $3(_RckCQZ`Oil@!u40@i@m_0N"HD,7.C0Kf[]qk*>h=Tm@6FI:e!F'&HcNrnnC8O NR5q'R#pdWdEI>#:r/_HKGl\48s>*@pH,`WC9B'JR1!C3FXKX[0j4)U,8lK&aGD_n It is important to keep in mind that this technique does assume that reality is fixed, and that truth is objectively perceived. This fourth article addresses FAQs about trustworthiness and publishing. ]S%X?YOu7^/C1 d=5fIb]H@MB4%4, gu^c^VaAluk['ZJ=gZRZRLkkm*5_X$qI#.fSD 6QIaBRo@*?$e(7OPBTE-n3RZ0HZ!u">d-_r4a1&(kcu5'b8MrbUL?\%A-o=ZO[?\< ;gaaq2[T\cP1"VG!]@a24#Tlm!ST,EbTcA\)Q[o! TJG[FV9I,"l't*c08]A[(H(B?&G>g6n,o$P+&U6S'ot8d+YDa=\NkSnRm'8.W0!Li jIqTi8;g,R2-IIg&Bs`0$Bco`#6?2IE5gTg12DBjNnc\Y_rHV#8?a9m=\Fa\:BAU/ ,NZ\p82q%GrPRu@57a4[V`l!VhSI1IkeV6nH$U)f,i'2Ksh N=R)^T3IMpG? o0RT=!d/+36(M1fWj#GU18pCdNEKFn;PtIlrZd/MbeLObVC2uan]V.\JOGSQfT$9B 3RHVc[+OlPd.k>'5:sLi9nZ>kTUBas:mnZNZ\pr34G%8!l1k@t7]$NX\9p#H1N+B> F)^dn0ERHROSI.1d,(OY#E6GD_!Nj)JG'R6
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