Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. Today, a majority of transplants performed in Iran are from living non-related donations (LNRD). The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. Praying or having any conversation with a transcendent power, reading religious or spiritual texts regardless of whether there is any God or transcendent power are not passive ways of facing a crisis; they are actually active attempts to understand ones situation and put it in a comprehensive context. As mentioned before, sacred here is not defined in a religious context, but an inwardly sanctification context. Spiritual Connection means experiencing a sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual as a coping method to gain comfort. Whilst there are a broad range of opinions and beliefs within the Iranian community, a sense of national belonging is strong and great pride is found in the national character. Survey identifies health behaviors, challenges shared by Muslim community. However, the interviews had different reasons for practicing such habits. In the first pattern, religious actions are rooted in religious beliefs. All these things calm me down and give me strength. A health belief system has four key components: perceived susceptibility. I believe I have sinned, and it is my punishment. By the likes of tall poppy syndrome, people are expected to be humble and unassuming about themselves. I believe God wanted to warn me with illness and maybe death to change my life and be a better person. Ceremonies for weddings in Iran has different sections; proposal, Bale Boroon, Hana Bandan, the wedding day, Pagosha, and honeymoon are a happy part of Iranian Culture. The results of the Pearson's correlation coefficient test indicated that there was no significant relationship between professional values and age (r = 0.03, p = 0.47), while there was a significant relationship between professional values and the GPA (r = 0.29, p = 0.003).This revealed that the students with higher GPA had higher scores in professional values. Get a downloadable, printable version that you can read later. Sobhani and Mirdarikondi (Citation2014) found that ziyarat enhances enthusiasm and positive behaviour in individuals. In addition to family values and habits, some external factors can have a significant impact on people's cultural preferences. Nahals silence about her mental illness also relates to a worry that shell be forced to resume antidepressant medication, which she took prior to pregnancy. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander custodians past, present and emerging. Iran has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas. After all the interviews had been transcribed and analyzed, the main citations (participants responses and statements) for each category were translated into English by the researchers. (Bhardwaj, Citation1998, p. 72). When an elder family members husband or wife dies, they will usually move into the house of one of their children. As Willander (Citation2014, p. 21) explains, the aspects of the religious which are invested with cultural meaning do not need to be either historically or theologically correct to be socially relevant. It is therefore for understanding the use of religious coping by cancer patients, that a sociological perspective seems necessary. Seven major themes emerged: respect for dignity, professional integrity, professional commitment, developing human relationships, justice, honesty, and promoting individuals and the nursing profession. In relation to the premium placed on education, there is also a common openness to innovation. There is a divide in the values of the country between those families that are progressive on this matter and those that maintain conservative values. According to Aflakseir and Coleman (Citation2011): The Quran emphasises clearly that the difficulties in this world are to test the believer and also asking people to have patience in facing their problems. The interviews were conducted from November 2017 through December 2017, and the transcription process was completed by February 2018. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. The concept of savab is based on a rational calculation of means and aims an attempt to find the best solution to a serious problem. In this regard, a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God. So I accepted it and was happy with it. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? between religion, personal values or beliefs, and a professional clinical judgement. Dating practices vary significantly between regions, and are impacted by attitudes and education. Here believing in the evil eye was in focus. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. This being said, most families seek to encourage individuals to be independent. The holy places may also function as reminders of God; Islamic/Quranic teachings argue that remembrance of Allah leads to peace and satisfaction: Those who believe and whose hearts find peace in the remembrance of Allh. 2 COMMUNICATION Greetings Hello Salaam Goodbye Khoda hafez . Therefore, the current study aimed to explore determinants of early . I never go to Mosques but too other holy places since they are sources of comfort for me. They verified the process of coding and categorisation. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? to work, get an education, marry, divorce, bear children or not) varies significantly depending on the attitude of her husband or closest male relative. According to Majlesi (Citation1982) (a very important religious figure in Iran) (p. 209), the reward (savab) of pilgrimage of Imam Rezas tomb in Mashhad (Iran) is equal to one thousand hajes- pilgrim to Macca. A Minor Leap Down, an Iranian film featured at international film festivals in Berlin and Toronto, illustrates the struggle of a 30-year-old Iranian woman named Nahal, whose deteriorating mental health is undermined by her family. Furthermore, men are considered legally and financially responsible for supporting the women of their family. We find two patterns regarding such connectedness. Ziyarat seems, to be composed of subsystems that have developed in several cultural contexts, each of which shares the universal characteristics of Islam, but also reflects [the regional] cultural distinctivenesscontrary to Hajj, the behavior of the individuals in the ziarat [Ziyarat], reflects the cultural context and the individuals existential questthere are no uniformity prescribed rules. If something is going to happen, God knows and writes. One of the most notable characteristics of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge. Italian Culture and Its Impact on the World. Almost all Iranians respect the principle of modesty in the Islamic religion. It is a symbol of love. Debase, Cultural is a comprehensive concept that contains children's states of health, illness, and well-being. Individuals then keep any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge. This high rate of cesarean requires careful consideration. As concerns religious coping, we started from the Five Key Religious Functions that constitute the basis of RCOPE (Pargament, Koenig, & Perez, Citation2000, p. 521). Some reports show that 26.5 percent of. Education, wealth and ethnic or tribal associations can all affect a persons social standing. The study offers nurses empirical data to help shape conversations about end-of-life care, and thus to enhance their commitment to help people 'die well'. Then I wanted to read, but I didnt know how. When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. The categories or sub-categories were then linked to relevant codes in the material. In public, people behave in the way that will benefit them (i.e. The government does not approve of casual dating or premarital sex and enforces the separation of the genders. Get a downloadable, printable version that you can read later. Generally, families with higher educations will be more open-minded regarding the mothers and fathers contribution to the household dynamic. It is the same with the saints and Imams. One can notice it in the institutions dedicated to technology and medical sciences, but also in the general populations remarkable mobilisation of multiple social networks. Iranians often like to consider themselves as having a cultured yet rebellious and revolutionary identity as a people. Iranian Sunni citizens are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Sistan-Baluchestan. In Iranian families, children are raised to be disciplined and to respect their elders. Persian, Kurd, Balochi, Arab, Turkmen, Azeri, and Turkic tribes are the major ethnic groups residing . In the first pattern, the informants redefined the situation by regarding it as Gods test. These values are neither positive nor negative - they're just differences. The notion of solidarity helps us to understand how people of different generations relate to, help and depend on one another in their daily lives. The criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba (Citation1985) were utilised in the current research to ensure trustworthiness. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. In cultures where there are many non-religious resources and where religion plays a less important role in daily life, religion may be less important in the coping process. Different. According to Nation Master, females made up over 60% of the overall Iranian student body in 2012. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. They are beliefs, ideas, and principles that are specific to your home and how it functions. This being said, many families see the education and development of their daughters as equally important. It has had a Muslim majority population for centuries and so the culture is deeply characterised by its strong Islamic influence. Cultural values are a culture's core beliefs about what's good or right. A 75-year-old woman told us: When the doctor said I had cancer, my children were extremely worried but I tried to comfort them to not be worried and said they should trust in God. The health beliefs of individuals have a . If a child knows that he has certain chores to do each day, it teaches him responsibility. The culture of sitting next to the table, pickles, flavors, sweets, and the rituals of its beginning and end, or hosting, and serving food is one of the main pillars, also shows this importance. Most Christians are Armenian in origin (Statistical Center of Iran, Citation2018). A catharsis is an emotional release linked to the urgent need to resolve unconscious conflicts through means other than directly venting the feelings associated with these conflicts.Footnote4. They help teach kids the difference between right and wrong. The participants confirmed large cultural differences in doctor-patient communication when encountering Iranian and Swedish patients. It seems that the value of food for Iranians is more than providing energy and relieving hunger. Iranian culture is patriarchal, legally and culturally males have more rights and privileges than females. At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible. In this regard, a 53-year-old woman, told us: I never ask the clergy for help.. I believe everybody has sinned somehow. One will find different cities have varying reputations from one another, whilst rural areas can have almost entirely different traditions and values. Talking in terms of beating a disease . Islamic clergy can be regarded as vicar, master or guardian. It is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law. 5 Here we refer to the real believers and not to the majority of Iranians who according to the law are regarded as Shiites. Couples tend to only have one to two children. Role of Culture in Healthcare Decision-Making. The person may also believe that he/she must cope alone because God has abandoned him/her, or finally. The notion that illness is a test imposed on us by God is an old one. Why Are So Many Young Men Single And Sexless? A sample of 27 (18 females and nine males) cancer patients/survivors (aged 16 and older) were selected using a purposive sampling method. The modernization processes that took place in the 20th century, until the Islamic revolution, changed the situation with the modern and educated classes. I did Nazr without understanding why. Another coping method in this category is Punishing God Reappraisal. Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. Culture, a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors, is shaped by history, religion, ethnic identity, language, and nationality, among other factors. Iranian women have traditionally been some of the most liberal in their interpretation of the hijab, often wearing a shayla significantly looser than what is customary in most other Muslim cultures. In Iranian culture, boys are generally more indulged than girls, and more opportunities are generally available to them in the public sphere. In many studies in the field of coping, the terms religious and spiritual have been used to address coping methods that are essentially based on existential issues. The Cultural Atlas team acknowledges the Traditional Owners of the lands throughout Australia on whose country we have the privilege to live and work. My job is sweeping the kitchen floor after dinner and by doing this task, I am helping to keep the . Largely, ones family is the biggest social indicator of status. Improving patient and family care outcomes has been said to require "nuanced understanding of cultural con-texts for those who provide care and those who receive it" (Schim & Doorenbos, 2010, p. 1). Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. T raditionally Iranian culture has been patriarchal with the father or the husband at the head of the family and household. Their stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount of grains especially rice, fruits and vegetables with small amounts of read meat. Happy with it key components: perceived susceptibility, ones family is quite close that the of... Will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible of religious coping by cancer patients, that a sociological seems. 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