New York requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. New Hampshire currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: N.H. Rev. As you are well-aware, in 1980, there was no distinction between a motorized bicycle and a bicycle Hawaii does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. However, the law also defines motorized bicycle as a pedal bicycle having an electric motor that propels the bicycle in excess of 20 MPH with a maximum motor-powered speed of 28 MPH. In a no-passing zone, a driver of a vehicle can overtake a person on a bicycle if the bicycle is proceeding in the same direction, the driver provides at least 4 feet of space while passing or completely enters the left lane, and the bicyclist is not making or signaling a left turn. Overall, at least six statesAlabama, Alaska, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Mexico and North Dakotarequire a license to operate an e-bike, typically because they still fall under the designation of another motorized vehicle classification with licensure and registration requirements and have not had a distinct e-bike law created. This front light must be turned on at all times when the bike is used on the highway. Nevada provides that the driver of a motor vehicle shall not intentionally interfere with the movement of a person lawfully riding a bicycle. Georgia requires that whenever a usable path has been provided adjacent to a roadway and designated for the exclusive use of bicycle riders, then the appropriate governing authority may require that bicycle riders use such path and not use those sections of the roadway as specified by such local governing authority. North Carolina requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Code Ann. Riding a bike is a healthy, fun and safe activity. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Delaware provides that the driver of a motor vehicle, when approaching a bicyclist traveling in the same direction, shall ensure the safety and protection of the bicyclist by: Delaware requires that any person under the age of 18 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Source: Ind. North Carolina does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Continuing straight at an intersection where the bicycle lane or path is to the right of a lane from which a motor vehicle must turn right. Rhode Island requires that the driver of a motor vehicle must pass a bicyclist by driving to the left of the bicycle at a safe distance, that is sufficient to prevent contact with the person operating the bicycle if the person were to fall into the driver's lane of traffic, and returning to the lane of travel once the motor vehicle is safely clear of the overtaken bicycle. Source: Okla. Stat. Overtaking and passing another bicycle or vehicle proceeding in the same direction. West Virginia requires that any person under the age of 15 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. 4501.01(A); 4511.01(A); 4511.55(A). Oklahoma currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Okla. Stat. In Delaware, Iowa and Nebraska, electric bicycles are defined within the existing definition of a bicycle, therefore there is not a distinction when it comes to operation on trails. The failure of any person to wear a required helmet shall not constitute contributory negligence or assumption of risk, and shall not in any way bar, preclude or foreclose an action for personal injury or wrongful death by or on behalf of such person, nor in any way diminish or reduce the damages recoverable in any such action. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Source: Ga. Code Ann. Idaho does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Washington allow bicycles to proceed through a triggered traffic control signal after one cycle if that triggered traffic control signal fails to operate due to the size or composition of the bicycle. Washington now specifically provides that a law enforcement officer may offer to transport a bicycle rider who appears to be under the influence of alcohol or any drug and who is walking or moving along or within the right-of-way of a public roadway. In Louisiana and Pennsylvania, riders under 12 must wear a helmet. However, North Carolina's traffic law requires that the driver of any vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass at least two feet to the left thereof, and shall not again drive to the right side of the highway until safely clear of such overtaken vehicle. When preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into an alley, private road or driveway. Source: Mo. No law was found in Tennesseethat requires persons opening the door of a motor vehicle to do so in a reasonably safe manner that does not interfere with the movement of traffic. 21-901.3; 21-1209(b) & (c). Source: Mass. All Rights Reserved. Idaho requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: Idaho allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Idaho does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Stat. Ann. Code 35.75.010; 35.75.030; 35.75.040. In Oklahoma bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. South Carolina requires that every bicyclist operating a bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable. ), available here http://www.oklegislature.gov/osstatuestitle.html. Compilation of laws by Iowa Bicycle Coalition: Iowa Department of Transportation Bike Resources: No person shall operate a motor vehicle on a public road or highway while using a wireless communications device to write, send or read a written communication; An instruction permit holder shall not operate a wireless communication device while driving a passenger car; A farm permit holder shall not operate a wireless communication device while driving a motor vehicle; and. 42-4-239; 42-4-1411. Regulate and license the riding of bicycles and other similar vehicles upon or along the streets, alleys, highways, or other public grounds within its limits; Construct and maintain bicycle paths or roadways within or outside of and beyond its limits leading to or from the city or town; Establish and collect reasonable license fees from all persons riding a bicycle or other similar vehicle within its respective corporate limits; and. New Mexico does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Nevertheless, bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Ann. A minor is a person under 18 years of age. When operating a bicycle upon a roadway, a bicyclist must exercise due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. Florida requires the driver of a vehicle overtaking a bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle must pass the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle at a safe distance of not less than 3 feet between the vehicle and the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle. Source: Haw. Wisconsin does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. 3112(c)(2). Wyoming also empowers localities to enact a registration fee as part of any local ordinances governing the operation, registration and licensure of non-electric bicycles and e-bikes. South Dakota has no helmet law. Texas does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. 4511.19; 4511.01. An operator of a motor vehicle may pass a bicycle traveling in the same direction in a no-passing zone only when it is safe to do so. In New Hampshire, bicycles are defined as vehicles. However, the law provides for exceptions to this requirement under any of the following situations: Arizona does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Florida requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Mississippi requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Maine requires that driver education courses that must be completed before a driver's license will be granted include instruction that imparts the understanding and skills necessary to operate a motor vehicle safely in a situation in which a motorcycle or vulnerable user is sharing the road with that motor vehicle. 13 02.385. Source: R.I. Gen. Laws 31-19-11; 31-19-12. Washington defines a "vulnerable user of a public way" as: Washington protects vulnerable users of a public way by providing for the offense of negligent driving in the second degree with a vulnerable user victim. Maine currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Me. 49-114; 49-123; 49-714. Drivers may cross a double-yellow no-passing line in order to provide space to a bicyclist while passing them if it is safe to cross the double-yellow line. http://www.bikeleague.org/legacy/action/bikelaws/modellaws.php. A person operating a bicycle upon a sidewalk or a crosswalk shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and shall give audible signal before overtaking and passing any pedestrian; A person may not ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk or a crosswalk where the use of a bicycle is prohibited by official traffic control devices. In Kansas, bicycles are not defined as vehicles. This would generally meet the definition of a class three e-bike. In Wyoming, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Pennsylvania requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left of the bicycle within not less than four feet at a careful and prudent reduced speed. Refining more recent e-bike laws that could benefit from further clarification and detail. Yields the right of way to the driver of any vehicle approaching on such other highway from either direction. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Vermont currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Vt. Stat. Oklahoma, in conjunction with the Oklahoma Bicycling Coalition, offers Share the Road license plates. Source: Ariz. Rev. California requires that the driver of a motor vehicle shall not overtake or pass a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on a highway at a distance of less than three feet between any part of the motor vehicle and any part of the bicycle or its operator. 28-101(57); 28-812. Source: Haw. The manual further states that [i]f you ever have a crash or get a traffic ticket because a trafficlight won't turn green, it's the fault of whoever installed the detector. This guidance is based on the light being defective due to its inability to detect and accommodate bicyclists. Serious bodily injury is a $500 fine and 3 months license suspension. South Carolina requires that no person open any door of a motor vehicle unless it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. 11-501; 1-217. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here. State law and common sense require that bicyclists drive like other vehicles. When riding upon a one-way street or highway with two or more marked lanes of travel, in which case a bicyclist may ride as close as is safe to the left-hand curb or edge of the street or highway. A person who causes substantial bodily injury to a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a negligent manner may be charged with negligent injury in the first degree, a class C felony; A person who caused the death of a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a manner that constitutes simple negligence may be charged with negligent homicide in the second degree, a class C felony; and. "Safe distance" as used in this section means no less than three feet [0.91 meters] clearance. Code Ann. Ch.90, 14; Mass. In Pennsylvania bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under Title 75 of the Pennsylvania Statutes, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. Stat. Source: Oklahoma Administrative Code 725:30-26-13. Stat. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Code Ann. According to a 2018bicycleindustry analysis,e-bikes sales increased 83 percent between May of 2017 and May of 2018, and e-bikes made up 10 percent ofoverall bikes sales in the U.S. for that time period. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Kentucky are generally found in the Kentucky Administrative Code (KAR), available here: http://www.lrc.state.ky.us/kar/601/014/020.htm. Source: N/A, Alaska does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. In addition, no person shall leave a door open upon the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. An individual charged with causing serious physical injury or death of a vulnerable individual as a result of violating traffic laws must appear in court and cannot prepay their fine. Arizona requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as far to the right as practicable. A person operating a bicycle my proceed through an intersection without stopping if they do those three steps. South Dakota requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: South Dakota allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Source: S.D. Oregon Department of Transportation Laws and Regulations page: Bicycle Transportation Alliance Legal Clinic: Portland Bureau of Transportation Bicycle law resources: No driver shall operate a motor vehicle on a roadway while using an interactive wireless communications device to send, read or write a text-based communication while the vehicle is in motion. When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction; or. New Mexico currently has the following law aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: New Mexico requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. Stat. Stat. However, bicycles cannot use parkways and other limited access state highways except on paths specifically provided for bicycles. Kentucky provides that regulations promulgated by the Transportation Cabinet pre-empt municipal and other local government regulations concerning safety equipment but not method of operation. 1 New York does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Massachusetts's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. 32:300.5; 32:300.6; 32:300.7. No law was found in North Carolinathat requires persons opening the door of a motor vehicle to do so in a reasonably safe manner that does not interfere with the movement of traffic. For more information on such plates please visit: Utah defines a vulnerable user of a highway as a pedestrian, including a worker upon a highway or providing emergency services; a person riding an animal; or a person operating any of the following on a highway: (1) a farm tractor or implement of husbandry, without an enclosed shell; (2) a skateboard; (3) Roller skates; (4) In-line skates; (5) a. Arizona requires that no person open a door on a motor vehicle unless it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Source: N.M. Stat. Virginia defines a vulnerable road user laws as a pedestrian; the operator of or passenger on a bicycle, electric personal assistive mobility device, electric power-assisted bicycle, wheelchair or wheel chari conveyance, skateboard, roller skates, motorized skateboard or scooter, or animal-drawn vehicle or any attached device; or any person riding an animal. One challenge is the distinction between other motorized vehicles such as scooters and mopeds, and the burgeoning market and interest in e-bikes as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly transportation option. After slowing or stopping, the bicyclist shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another highway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard; and. ), available here http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=1815&ChapterID=49. 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