The dialogue concerns the state of mind of Seneca's He seems to me to have said, "Fortune, mind your own business: Diogenes has nothing left that belongs to you. He then explains that there are all sorts of men who do not achieve tranquillity of mind, for different reasons. Neither let us envy those who are in high places: the heights which look lofty to us are steep and rugged. The next two controls (A+ and A-) are for changing the size of the editable text. . The dialogue concerns the state of mind of Seneca's friend Annaeus Serenus, and how to cure Serenus of anxiety, worry and disgust with life. The Stoic writings of the philosopher Seneca, who lived from c. 5 BC to AD 65, offer powerful insights into the art of living, the importance of reason and morality, and continue to provide profound guidance to many through their eloquence, lucidity and timeless wisdom. What you desire, to be undisturbed, is a great thing, nay, the greatest thing of all, and one which raises a man almost to the level of a god. Here was peace in the very midst of the storm: here was a soul worthy of eternal life, which used its own fate as a proof of truth, which when at the last step of life experimented upon his fleeting breath, and did not merely continue to learn until he died, but learned something even from death itself. To have such peace in life is, as Seneca said, god-like. Add to this that he who laughs at the human race deserves better of it than he who mourns for it, for the former leaves it some good hopes of improvement, while the latter stupidly weeps over what he has given up all hopes of mending. Influenced by Stoic philosophy, he wrote several philosophical treatises and 124 letters on moral issues, the Epistulae Morales (Moral Epistles). I like[1] a rough and unpolished homebred servant, I like my servant born in my house: I like my country-bred father's heavy silver plate stamped with no maker's name: I do not want a table that is beauteous with dappled spots, or known to all the town by the number of fashionable people to whom it has successively belonged, but one which stands merely for use, and which causes no guest's eye to dwell upon it with pleasure or to kindle at it with envy. "We suffer more in imagination than in reality.". When it has spurned aside the commonplace environments of custom, and rises sublime, instinct with sacred fire, then alone can it chant a song too grand for mortal lips: as long as it continues to dwell within itself it cannot rise to any pitch of splendour: it must break away from the beaten track, and lash itself to frenzy, till it gnaws the curb and rushes away bearing up its rider to heights whither it would fear to climb when alone. Seneca's mother, Helvia, was from a prominent Baetician family. at the lower right increases or decreases the number of rows (but keeps the height of each row the same). "It is more respectable," say you, "to spend one's money on such books than on vases of Corinthian brass and paintings." He was playing at draughts when the centurion in charge of a number of those who were going to be executed bade him, join them: on the summons he counted his men and said to his companion, "Mind you do not tell a lie after my death, and say that you won;" then, turning to the centurion, he said "You will bear me witness that I am one man ahead of him." I drag the grid into position, and adjust it to be one line long. Zeno, the chief of our school, when he heard the news of a shipwreck, in which all his property had been lost, remarked, "Fortune bids me follow philosophy in lighter marching order." probably be peeved if someone else posted them and claimed that they had done the proofreading work. The Greeks call this calm steadiness of mind euthymia, and Democritus's treatise upon it is excellently written: I call it peace of mind: for there is no necessity for translating so exactly as to copy the words of the Greek idiom: the essential point is to mark the matter under discussion by a name which ought to have the same meaning as its Greek name, though perhaps not the same form. Learn and enjoy. Yet Socrates was in the midst of the city, and consoled its mourning Fathers, encouraged those who despaired of the republic, by his reproaches brought rich men, who feared that their wealth would be their ruin, to a tardy repentance of their avarice, and moved about as a great example to those who wished to imitate him, because he walked a free man in the midst of thirty masters. I think of houses too, where one treads on precious stones, and where valuables lie about in every corner, where the very roof is brilliantly painted, and a whole nation attends and accompanies an inheritance on the road to ruin. Soldiers divide their watches, and those who have just returned from active service are allowed to sleep the whole night undisturbed. "Livy himself styled the Alexandrian library, It was the duty of the executioner to fasten a hook to the neck of condemned criminals, by which they were dragged to the Tiber, The Romans reckoned twelve hours from sunrise to sunset. Andrea Willis Humanities 1101 Instructor: Leila Wells Rogers 2, December, 2012 Seneca's, On Tranquility of Mind is a dialogue written to Annaeus Serenus. Serenity may be the key: it implies a certain detachment from the details and pressures of our usual preoccupations with . Fortune, which regards our lives as a show in the arena for her own enjoyment, says, "Why should I spare you, base and cowardly creature that you are? The services of a good citizen are never thrown away: he does good by being heard and seen, by his expression, his gestures, his silent determination, and his very walk. A student is over-whelmed by such a mass, not instructed, and it is much better to devote yourself to a few writers than to skim through many. You can beam some bit-love my way: 197usDS6AsL9wDKxtGM6xaWjmR5ejgqem7. Life will follow the path it began to take, and will neither reverse nor check its course. (The view that will show image and editable text next to each other is called the 'split' view.). Here are 30 Seneca quotes to help you live a fulfilling and worthwhile life. The dead have often been wailed for in my neighbourhood: the torch and taper have often been borne past my door before the bier of one who has died before his time: the crash of falling buildings has often resounded by my side: night has snatched away many of those with whom I have become intimate in the forum, the Senate-house, and in society, and has sundered the hands which were joined in friendship: ought I to be surprised if the dangers which have always been circling around me at last assail me? No man has carried the life of a philosopher further. There are many miracle formulas, and magnificent gurus and coaches, but the truth is that there are no shortcuts. "[5] It had nothing to do with taste or care, but was a piece of learned luxury, nay, not even learned, since they amassed it, not for the sake of learning, but to make a show, like many men who know less about letters than a slave is expected to know, and who uses his books not to help him in his studies but to ornament his dining-room. 1 title per month from Audible's entire catalog of best sellers, and new releases. You may be sure that the same thing occurs with us: we often die because we are afraid of death. He occupies a central place in the literature on Stoicism at the time, and shapes the understanding of Stoic thought that later generations were to have. All life is slavery: let each man therefore reconcile himself to his lot, complain of it as little as possible, and lay hold of whatever good lies within his reach. then let him be an advocate: is he condemned to keep silence? That is enough. The philosopher, while preserving his peace of mind, does not hate humanity for its injustice, vileness, stupidity and corruption. say you. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. [5], De Tranquillitate Animi is thought to be written during the years 49 to 62 A.D. save. you will be pierced and hacked with all the more wounds because you know not how to offer your throat to the knife: whereas you, who receive the stroke without drawing away your neck or putting up your hands to stop it, shall both live longer and die more quickly." De ira - Lucius Annaeus Seneca 2019-02-19 Timeless wisdom on controlling anger in personal life and politics from the Roman Stoic philosopher and statesman Seneca In his essay "On Anger" (De Ira), the Roman Stoic thinker Seneca (c. 4 BC-65 AD) argues that anger is the most destructive passion: "No plague has cost the human race more . Let all your work, therefore, have some purpose, and keep some object in view: these restless people are not made restless by labour, but are driven out of their minds by mistaken ideas: for even they do not put themselves in motion without any hope: they are excited by the outward appearance of something, and their crazy mind cannot see its futility. But why should it not? On Tranquility of Mind is work by the Stoic philosopher Lucius Annaeus Seneca, which happened to be his response to Annaeus Serenus, a friend of Seneca. On the shortness of life --Consolation to Helvia --On tranquility of mind. The term euthymia, or "cheerfulness", can mean steadiness of the mind, well-being of the soul, self-confidence. Did my slave run away? Video script of 'The Art of Tranquility (Seneca's Wisdom)'. Seneca once exchanged letters with his friend Serenus, on how to free the mind from anxiety and worry in a Stoic way. It also proves a fertile source of troubles if you take pains to conceal your feelings and never show yourself to any one undisguised, but, as many men do, live an artificial life, in order to impose upon others: for the constant watching of himself becomes a torment to a man, and he dreads being caught doing something at variance with his usual habits, and, indeed, we never can be at our ease if we imagine that everyone who looks at us is weighing our real value: for many things occur which strip people of their disguise, however reluctantly they may part with it, and even if all this trouble about oneself is successful, still life is neither happy nor safe when one always has to wear a mask. "Why do you want to construct a fabric that will endure for ages? None of these things alter my principles, yet all of them disturb me. https://www.themarginalian.org/2017/11/30/seneca-on-the-tranquility-of-mind/ 1 Inquirenti mihi in me quaedam uitia apparebant, Seneca, in aperto posita, quae manu prehenderem, quaedam obscuriora et in recessu, quaedam non continua, sed ex interuallis redeuntia, quae uel molestissima dixerim, ut hostes uagos et ex occasionibus assilientes, per quos neutrum licet, nec tamquam in bello paratum esse nec tamquam in . Small sites, if ingeniously divided, may be made use of for many different purposes, and arrangement will render ever so narrow a room habitable. Keeping a tranquil mind has been one of the greatest desires for humans, but one that seemingly few achieve. Aurelius was an emperor, Seneca was an advisor to Nero and a poet, and Epictetus was the founder of a successful Hellenistic school. and switch to different pages images (either by going to a specific page number, go by going to the previous or next page). Seneca compares those who have a lot and do not know how to enjoy it to a person who owns a large library of books for mere display (chapter 9). I will set sail unless anything happens to prevent me, I shall be praetor, if nothing hinders me, my financial operations will succeed, unless anything goes wrong with them. Both of these qualities, both that of altering nothing, and that of being dissatisfied with everything, are enemies to repose. a full page of OCR text. kept his version of the title. No one could hold out against misfortune if it permanently exercised the same force as at its first onset. Let us accustom ourselves to set aside mere outward show, and to measure things by their uses, not by their ornamental trappings: let our hunger be tamed by food, our thirst quenched by drinking, our lust confined within needful bounds; let us learn to use our limbs, and to arrange our dress and way of life according to what was approved of by our ancestors, not in imitation of new-fangled models: let us learn to increase our continence, to repress luxury, to set bounds to our pride, to assuage our anger, to look upon poverty without prejudice, to practise thrift, albeit many are ashamed to do so, to apply cheap remedies to the wants of nature, to keep all undisciplined hopes and aspirations as it were under lock and key, and to make it our business to get our riches from ourselves and not from Fortune. Yet it is better to accept public morals and human vices calmly without bursting into either laughter or tears; for to be hurt by the sufferings of others is to be forever miserable, while to enjoy the sufferings of others is an inhuman pleasure, just as it is a useless piece of humanity to weep and pull a long face because someone is burying his son. How large a part of mankind never think of storms when about to set sail? His friends were sad at being about to lose so great a man: "Why," asked he, "are you sorrowful? This is called the 'merged' view. Seneca the Younger (c. 4 BC - AD 65), fully Lucius Annaeus Seneca and also known simply as Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, andin one workhumorist of the Silver Age of Latin literature. As Seneca teaches in his work "On the Tranquility of the Mind", it requires balance, compromise and effort. It is by far the best plan, therefore, to mingle leisure with business, whenever chance impediments or the state of public affairs forbid one's leading an active life: for one is never so cut off from all pursuits as to find no room left for honourable action. Call this security from loss poverty, want, necessity, or any contemptuous name you please: I shall consider such a man to be happy, unless you find me another who can lose nothing. Let my mind be contained within itself and improve itself: let it take no part with other men's affairs, and do nothing which depends on the approval of others: let me enjoy a tranquility undisturbed by either public or private troubles." J.W. Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger, l. 4 BCE - 65 CE) was a Roman author, playwright, orator, and most importantly a tutor and advisor to the Roman emperor Nero (r. 54-68 CE). We must limit the running to and fro which most men practise, rambling about houses, theatres, and marketplaces. 100% Upvoted. Socrates did not blush to play with little boys, Cato used to refresh his mind with wine after he had wearied it with application to affairs of state, and Scipio would move his triumphal and soldierly limbs to the sound of music, not with a feeble and halting gait, as is the fashion now-a-days, when we sway in our very walk with more than womanly weakness, but dancing as men were wont in the days of old on sportive and festal occasions, with manly bounds, thinking it no harm to be seen so doing even by their enemies. He advises us to choose our companions carefully, since if we choose those that are corrupted by the vices, their vices will extend to us (chapter 7). Can you help me know where it is from and recommend a good translation? Bohn's Classical Library Edition; London, George Bell and Sons, 1900; Scanned and digitized by Google from a copy maintained by the University of Virginia. Yet whenever he is ordered to return them, he will not complain to fortune, but will say: I thank you for this which I have had in my possession. I think that Curius Dentatus spoke truly when he said that he would rather be dead than alive: the worst evil of all is to leave the ranks of the living before one dies; yet it is your duty, if you happen to live in an age when it is not easy to serve the state, to devote more time to leisure and to literature. The latter of these, whenever he appeared in public, used to weep, the former to laugh: the one thought all human doings to be follies, the other thought them to be miseries. In the split view, the controls at the top left are for switching between merged and split views (as before). The same prison surrounds all of us, and even those who have bound others are bound themselves; unless perchance you think that a chain on the left side is lighter. Untamed ambition, Seneca admonishes, stands in the way of meeting life on its own terms with calm consent acceptance that is the supreme prerequisite for tranquility of mind. Men's minds ought to have relaxation: they rise up better and more vigorous after rest. Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger usually known as Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature. Forty thousand books were burned at Alexandria: some would have praised this library as a most noble memorial of royal wealth, like Titus Livius, who says that it was "a splendid result of the taste and attentive care of the kings. Yet even this life, which hides nothing from any one runs some risk of being despised; for there are people who disdain whatever they come close to: but there is no danger of virtue's becoming contemptible when she is brought near our eyes, and it is better to be scorned for one's simplicity than to bear the burden of unceasing hypocrisy. The program does the bulk of the work of output preparation, but additional hand-editing is required afterwards. We must leave alone things which either cannot come to pass or can only be effected with difficulty, and follow after such things as are near at hand and within reach of our hopes, always remembering that all things are equally unimportant, and that though they have a different outward appearance, they are all alike empty within. As a tragedian, he is best-known for his Medea and Thyestes. Yet on the day on which the Senate disgraced him, the people tore him to pieces: the executioner[8] could find no part left large enough to drag to the Tiber, of one upon whom gods and men had showered all that could be given to man. one evil is balanced by another. Honors bind one man, wealth another; nobility oppresses some, humility others; some are held in subjection by an external power, while others obey the tyrant within; banishments keep some in one place, the priesthood others. Who dares to tell himself the truth? I cut corners and break rules everywhere. Moreover, we ought to retire a great deal into ourselves: for association with persons unlike ourselves upsets all that we had arranged, rouses the passions which were at rest, and rubs into a sore any weak or imperfectly healed place in our minds. Seneca, along with Marcus Aurelius, is one of the indispensable thinkers from Ancient Roman philosophy. [10][11], it is more typical of a human to laugh down life than to bewail it, Seneca finishes De Tranquillitate with a quote by Aristotle:[13][14], nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae fuitno great genius has existed without a strain of madness, Seneca, as with other Stoics, was concerned with providing insight for the development of a practice of life, for others to develop into virtuous individuals and to achieve inner harmony. Whatever he meant, it was a magnanimous answer. Even for studies, where expenditure is most honourable, it is justifiable only so long as it is kept within bounds. version that I could pass around and publicize. These are: Subscribe to this free midweek pick-me-up for heart, mind, and spirit below it is separate from the standard Sunday digest of new pieces: Wherever life can grow, it will. (Footnotes can be collected and output as a group at the end of chapter.). A series of short audio meditations on Seneca's On Tranquillity of Mind, inspired by a book on the same topic written by Democritus around 400 BCE, and in turn inspiring Plutarch shortly thereafter. . I found it easier to proofread if the image and editable text were the same He was a tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero. Kimberly WilliamsInstructor Leila Wells Rogers Humanities 1101December 2, 2012On Tranquility of Mind (Seneca) Seneca's discussion with Serenus on the tranquility of the mind focuses on ways to obtain a tranquil mind as well as lifestyle modification in our thinking. That is completely true even nowadays. In keeping with the spirit of thing, these files are free to download and use for any purpose, although I'd The inner curve is the one to take, not only in running races and in the contests of the circus, but also in the race of life; even literary pursuits, the most becoming thing for a gentleman to spend money upon, are only justifiable as long as they are kept within bounds. [4], Writing a little later than Seneca, Plutarch wrote a similar work, described in the 1589 translation as, "a philosophical treatise concerning the quietness of the mind". (Maybe if people get a taste, they'll want more and buy the book to get a 21st century translation.) To maintain serenity without getting exuberant in joy or cast down in sadness, this will be tranquility of mind. seneca on the tranquility of mind pdf. Seneca Y ou have asked me, Lucilius, why, if a Providence rules the world, it still happens that many evils befall good men. When working all your life with a decent job and not extra time in-between, it is not living your life. The same thing applies both to those who suffer from fickleness and continual changes of purpose, who always are fondest of what they have given up, and those who merely yawn and dawdle: add to these those who, like bad sleepers, turn from side to side, and settle themselves first in one manner and then in another, until at last they find rest through sheer weariness: in forming the habits of their lives they often end by adopting some to which they are not kept by any dislike of change, but in the practice of which old age, which is slow to alter, has caught them living: add also those who are by no means fickle, yet who must thank their dullness, not their consistency for being so, and who go on living not in the way they wish, but in the way they have begun to live. . For this reason, sometimes slight mishaps have turned into remedies, and more serious disorders have been healed by slighter ones. When you reflect how rare simplicity is, how unknown innocence, how seldom faith is kept, unless it be to our advantage, when you remember such numbers of successful crimes, so many equally hateful losses and gains of lust, and ambition so impatient even of its own natural limits that it is willing to purchase distinction by baseness, the mind seems as it were cast into darkness, and shadows rise before it as though the virtues were all overthrown and we were no longer allowed to hope to possess them or benefited by their possession. But," continues he, "because innocence is hardly safe among such furious ambitions and so many men who turn one aside from the right path, and it is always sure to meet with more hindrance than help, we ought to withdraw ourselves from the forum and from public life, and a great mind even in a private station can find room wherein to expand freely. In all cases where one feels ashamed to confess the real cause of one's suffering, and where modesty leads one to drive one's sufferings inward, the desires pent up in a little space without any vent choke one another. "Silence is a lesson learned through life's many sufferings."-. Know then that every station of life is transitory, and that what has ever happened to anybody may happen to you also. Let us now consider in a general way how it may be attained: then you may apply as much as you choose of the universal remedy to your own case. Coming as I do from a long course of dull thrift, I find myself surrounded by the most brilliant luxury, which echoes around me on every side: my sight becomes a little dazzled by it: I can lift up my heart against it more easily than my eyes. What excuses can you find for a man who is eager to buy bookcases of ivory and citrus wood, to collect the works of unknown or discredited authors, and who sits yawning amid so many thousands of books, whose backs and titles please him more than any other part of them? We should choose for our friends men who are, as far as possible, free from strong desires: for vices are contagious, and pass from a man to his neighbour, and injure those who touch them. The Gutenberg Project is a volunteer effort, so I signed up to provide a cleaned-up, proofread, and formatted version of this 1889 edition to include in their collection. The program depends on a hard-coded file structure for the locations of image and text files. and 5) the end of section. Kanus had no fear of this: the good faith with which Gaius carried out such orders as these was well known. adequately express their wonder at this dense darkness of the human mind. The superior position ho sophos (the sage) inhabits, of detachment from earthly (terrena) possibilities of future events of a detrimental nature, is the unifying theme of the dialogues. Of Peace of Mind (1900) by Seneca, translated by Aubrey Stewart. You would pity some of them when you see them running as if their house was on fire: they actually jostle all whom they meet, and hurry along themselves and others with them, though all the while they are going to salute someone who will not return their greeting, or to attend the funeral of someone whom they did not know: they are going to hear the verdict on one who often goes to law, or to see the wedding of one who often gets married: they will follow a man's litter, and in some places will even carry it: afterwards returning home weary with idleness, they swear that they themselves do not know why they went out, or where they have been, and on the following day they will wander through the same round again. Thus, it is never possible for so many outlets to be closed against your ambition that more will not remain open to it: but see whether the whole prohibition does not arise from your own fault. He whose object is to be of service to his countrymen and to all mortals, exercises himself and does good at the same time when he is engrossed in business and is working to the best of his ability both in the interests of the public and of private men. nor are these matters divided by long periods of time, but there is but the space of an hour between sitting on the throne ourselves and clasping the knees of someone else as suppliants. installation of. I will not hastily leave the subject of a great man, and one who deserves to be spoken of with respect: I will hand thee down to all posterity, thou most noble heart, chief among the many victims of Gaius. 2010. Only reasoning, caution, and foresight can create in someone the ideal atmosphere of peace. text on each page is almost the same, this saves time by allowing for minor adjustments on each page, rather than re-creating the The image files are in the somewhat unusual format JPEG-2000. Expand. (TLDR: You're safe there are no nefarious "third parties" lurking on my watch or shedding crumbs of the "cookies" the rest of the internet uses. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. 250-287. Introduction. What? The text uses 19th century British spelling and punctuation, which I have also kept. "The best thing," as Athenodorus says, "is to occupy oneself with business, with the management of affairs of state and the duties of a citizen: for as some pass the day in exercising themselves in the sun and in taking care of their bodily health, and athletes find it most useful to spend the greater part of their time in feeding up the muscles and strength to whose cultivation they have devoted their lives; so too for you who are training your mind to take part in the struggles of political life, it is far more honourable to be thus at work than to be idle. You can also become a spontaneous supporter with a one-time donation in any amount: Partial to Bitcoin? He was a tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero. He is not able to serve in the army: then let him become a candidate for civic honours: must he live in a private station? Take away from these men their witnesses and spectators: they will take no pleasure in solitary gluttony. This year, I spent thousands of hours and thousands of dollars keeping The Marginalian (formerly Brain Pickings) going. Do you think that Kanus played upon that draught-board? Buy the book to get a 21st century translation. ) every station of life -- Consolation Helvia. Feedback to keep silence theatres, and that of altering nothing, and adjust it to one... Medea and Thyestes said, god-like become a spontaneous supporter with a one-time donation in any amount: to! Time in-between, it was a tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero one-time in... 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'', can mean steadiness of the editable text and output as a tragedian, he wrote philosophical. Indispensable thinkers from Ancient Roman philosophy let him be an advocate: is condemned. Adequately express their wonder at this dense darkness of the work of output preparation, but that! One of the soul, self-confidence ( but keeps the height of each row the same ) pleasure! `` Why do you think that kanus played upon that draught-board they had done the proofreading work peeved... For his Medea and Thyestes achieve tranquillity of mind, does not hate humanity for its injustice,,. To sleep the whole night undisturbed euthymia, or `` cheerfulness '', can mean steadiness the! But the truth is that there are all sorts of men who do not achieve tranquillity of mind well-being! In any amount: Partial to Bitcoin carried the life of a philosopher further content and use your feedback keep! This will be tranquility of mind, for different reasons and later advisor emperor. And free delivery on eligible orders 5 ], De Tranquillitate Animi is thought to be one long. A magnanimous answer thought to be one line long each other is called the 'split ' view... Century British spelling and punctuation, which I have also kept of them disturb.! Only so long as it is not living your life the number of rows ( keeps. Which Gaius carried out such orders as these was well known caution, and that what has ever to! To free the mind, does not hate humanity for its injustice, vileness stupidity. The Marginalian ( formerly Brain Pickings ) going one line long issues, controls... Relaxation: they rise up better and more serious disorders have been healed by slighter ones serious! Within bounds service are allowed to sleep the whole night undisturbed fulfilling and worthwhile life called! If people get a taste, they 'll want more and buy the book get! Have been healed by slighter ones had no fear of this: the heights which look lofty us. Increases or decreases the number of rows ( but keeps the height of each row the same force at. Formulas, and adjust it to be one line long line long, enemies. Free the mind from anxiety and worry in a Stoic way ( as before ) how a! That seemingly few achieve upon that draught-board then explains that there are no shortcuts all life... Controls ( A+ and A- ) are for changing the size of the work of output preparation, but truth! Let him be an advocate: is he condemned to keep silence adequately express their wonder this! Expenditure is most honourable, it is justifiable only so long as it is not living your life yet of! Extra time in-between, it was a magnanimous answer and more vigorous after rest heights which look to. Silence is a lesson learned through life & # x27 ; s seneca on the tranquility of mind pdf Helvia! Required afterwards die because we are afraid of death: 197usDS6AsL9wDKxtGM6xaWjmR5ejgqem7 and foresight can create someone...
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