Stiffness decreases with an increase in temperature and increases with a decrease in temperature. owthats cool ANTONY LEMON thank you for your help because have me a project in science of scientific method because in your help and tank you for your effort my favorite subject is science and math i am validictorian in my school.THANK YOU FOR YOUR EFFORT. Place one of the tennis balls in the freezer for 20 mins 2. Tension stabilization continues forever, but at a continually decreasing pace. A thermocouple inside the tube recorded the temperature. Throughout this essay, I will not only explain what each of Newtons three laws mean, but provide a real life example of how it could relate to the game of bocce ball. Your email address will not be published. At 200 seconds, the string was heated to 40 C. This took about 100 seconds. This reordering occurs during both the stretching and post-stretching phases. For the sake of our experiment today, you will need to have a concrete floor or other hard surfaces that will be used to perform the bouncing test. Setup #1 Tension vs timing of heat application. The cubic fit is shown by R squared values of .396 and .331 and, the regression is able to predict between two and three times as many of the points as the linear regression. Equipment: - two tennis balls - a refrigerator - tape measurer - video camera - bluetack Variables: So, if you are stringing just before a match, string lower for cold and higher for hot on-court temperatures. The ball will not bounce as much in the cold as it does during hot days, and for the players, this is a vast difference that is also evident in how they take on the matches at different times. That is why tension loss in itself can be a misleading indicator of string performance. Do you know what mechanics are really behind the outer layer? According to Aleks Szymanski from tennisletics.com, tennis balls are hollow and contain air that expands in the event of high temperatures, causing the balls to bounce more freely. Hold a ball so its lowest point is at the 1 metre point. Though tension loss is the parameter that tennis players are most focused on, it is the stiffness of the string that most influences performance and feel. Time was analyzed next in Table 3, 4. Figure 10 breaks out elongation vs temperature by string in each material group. This experiment will show how temperature will affect the bounce of a tennis ball. We just wanted to let you know that we got a lot of information from this. It is true that temperature greatly affects the pressure of a tennis ball; temperature can increase and reduce pressure of a tennis ball, depending on the heat added or taken away; this would benefit people designing objects to absorb shock. (Borlings, 2011)The game is outdated and is not played anymore. The heated air is more energetic, and as such, it can cause your ball to expand, which gives it the ability to bounce back to greater heights. Here, weve detailed some of the main ways in which the weather and environment can influence not only the way tennis strings react and work but also the match overall. Bocce ball was steadily rising and falling in popularity, until a major resurgence in 1896, when it was admitted an olympic sport, and has been part of the summer olympics ever since. A warmer ball will bounce higher than a cold one. Setup #2 Stiffness, Elongation, and Tension vs Temperature. The 0 C temperature was implemented by packing the perspex tube with crushed ice. For this reason, you will often notice that the players performance during the summer is different from their performance in winter. During the course of playing tennis, especially in competition settings, players often painstakingly consider all factors that have a shot at affecting their game. When a liner model was tried in Tables 5, 6 the p-values of zero confirmed the suspicion that there was indeed a significant relationship. For the other three balls, you will need them to be cold so that you can have results with which to compare your findings. When pressedurized tennis balls are pressed, they exert internal pressure. We can zoom in on elongation by string in Figure 9 just as we did above for stiffness. A complicating factor is that the ball also changes performance with temperature. Using the classifications, the question of Which temperature ball would yield the highest bounced height? would be answered. Bibliography .:. Results for Setup #1 tension loss vs timing of heat application. (Borlings, 2011)They did not bounce very well, however. Secondly, testing our experiment with two different balls of the same type to ensure that they reflect the same amount of result. The residual vs. Humidity plots 13, 14 both show grouping with poor randomness and thus would not be considered good. In other words, it would take more loosening of the strings at lower temperatures to achieve the same level of springiness. The ball will depress and rebound off the strings less efficiently in cold weather; therefore, it takes the strings being looser to achieve the same level of elasticity that would typically be possible at warmer temperatures. Web. You can also experiment within an enclosed space to ensure that the blowing wind does not affect the bounce of your ball. Now the equilibrium between the tension and the bonds is broken. Repeat these steps but keep the ball in a refrigerator, a freezer, and an oven. Drop the ball from that height, and measure how high it bounced. Ice chest with ice The balls that were placed in room temperature, the bounce percentage was 70.10. A game played at higher temperatures will be much faster since the ball will rebound from contact with any surface better than at low temperatures. Try comparing a baseball to a golf ball or a tennis ball. The p-value for both was zero showing that there is a significant relationship between the time a can of balls was open and the bounce height. When a tennis ball hits the ground, the force presses up against the ball, pushing the bottom surface of the ball in and compressing the gas inside its core. Frigid temperatures will generally cause strings to act as if they are made of a stiffer material, resulting in less elasticity and ability to rebound the ball given each unit of tension. t-mobile laptops for sale; raha shojaei rate my professor. As an experiment, you can try to heat a tennis ball and see how well it will bounce. Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. But there is a possible explanation for the behavior, though it was not measured during the test. Conclusion. Results for Setup #1 tension loss vs timing of heat application. The data from this experiment will show their differences. Figure 3 Tension vs time for the same string as Figure 2 but following the heating-after-tensioning protocol. Thus most of the equalizing will take place in the longer relaxation phase. Jeu de Paume was played without even bouncing the balland was just played against a wall. By the same token, looser strings will result in more springy strings, propelling the ball further with a shot at the same level of force. Stiffness is the property that measures the result of all these elongation, duration, and relaxation processes. The pressure of the gas inside the ball ultimately determines how high the tennis ball will bounce. Tennis balls are best kept at 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius for optimum pressure and bounce; at these temperatures, the balls can retain their optimal pressure and bounce. Place the thermometer on the ball. Generally, temperature affects a ball's resiliency, the spin and the density of the air through which the ball travels. Therefore, gas molecules can easily expand or contract. The 0 C strings lose the most tension and the 40 degree curve criss-crosses the other two, though the trend is that the behavior for the 20 C and 40 C is different for nylon vs polyester. With an increase in the temperature, the gas molecules within the tennis ball start to expand. Setup #1 Tension vs timing of heat application. This is longer than the 5-8 ms ball bounce from a solid surface or racquet. Take 2 tennis balls and put them in the slow cooker for 10 mins. Perform steps 10-13 three times. The result is more viscous behavior with chains slipping, sliding, and reorienting relative to each other. Percentages of the tennis balls bounce. What players feel when hitting in various temperature conditions is the combined effect. Temperature can be measured by. Table 1 Percentage change in stiffness between temperature spans. Each contributes to how a ball performs. As you will notice from your experiment, the balls that have been treated to the ice chest with ice in it will tend to have lower bounces, resulting from the molecules moving around less and containing less energy. Its essential to store rackets at room temperature and in non-moist environments to minimize breakdown of the strings and to extend their working life. This allows the chains to reorder to the lowest stress configuration both during and after tensioning. The lack of fit test shown in the same tables indicates a high lack of fit test statistic in both cases in excess of 600, well above what would be required for a good fit, this concludes that the regression might not be linear. (Incorporation, 2011)After, chemicals would generate pressurizing gas which was to be added to the rubber outline. Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Temperature is either something that is cold or hot. When a ball drops gravity pulls it down to the ground. The experiment will show if temperature affects the height of a bouncing tennis ball. Retrieved 8 24, 2012, from LIVESTRONG: http://www.livestrong.com/article/398740-temperatures-tennis-balls/, Incorporation, I. The kinetic, Tennis is a game of speed and reflex. (Wikipedia, 2012)Traditional tennis balls were also made from a spherical stitchedenvelopeof leather or cloth stuffed with rags, horsehair or similar material. What is so dramatic during this post-tensioning-heating phase is that there is only tension reduction, not a competition between tension increase and relaxation, as there is during tensioning. If stretched at the same rate, a string that elongates further to achieve the target tension will take more time to do so than one that elongates less. On the other hand, a temperature decrease causes the gas molecules to contract and move around more sluggishly. The hypothesis was supported. The balls need to have the right temperature and air pressure inside in order to work best. In particular, tennis strings can be adversely affected due to weather and environmental conditions. The temperature of the golf ball and the air temperature on the day you're playing directly affect how your ball will perform during a round. (Wikipedia, 2012)From the 18th century, tennis balls were formed by wounding strips of wool around a nucleus made by rolling strips into a tiny ball. A combined analysis for both ball 1 and ball 2 will be used for drawing conclusions since both balls behaved in a similar manor. Tennis balls are typically air-conditioned and have internal air pressure that influences their bounce. The second method heated the string to 40 C after it was stretched to a tension of 28 kg and had stabilized at constant elongation for 200 seconds. (Wikipedia, 2012)Also, semi- traditional tennis balls had a woodier feel and did not bounce as high; there was no pressure inside the ball. That is the important take away. When a tennis ball hits the ground, an opposite and equal force, pushes the bottom surface of the ball in and compresses the gas inside its core. It is the interplay between stretch rate, stretch amount, stretch duration, temperature, and stress relaxation that effects the amount of tension loss that occurs only in the relaxation period (the period that was measured to get "tension loss"). Tennis, of course, is a complicated practice with many moving parts, and its played outside (for the most part), which comes with its own considerations and challenges. Place the ball at the 100-inch mark and drop it. Place the tape measurer against the edge of a wall using the bluetack 3. The residuals vs. time graphs 17, 18 and residuals vs. fitted values graphs 19, 20 are both good examples of random patterns in residual graphs and would be both be considered good indicators of a good fit with error that is random. Thus it takes quick reaction time and reflexes to play at higher levels. Results for Setup #2 ‐ Elongation, Tension and Stiffness vs Temperature. Here is another table that shows the exact height in which the ball bounced. These muscles are used to accelerate the whole arm while also stabilising the shoulder. Heat three tennis balls you have selected inside the heating pad. As long as there is stress, some molecular bonds will continue to reorient to less stressful positions given enough time. Background Research As the temperature of the rubber ball increases, the height of its bounce will increase. But if the tennis ball is heated it will have the opposite affect. Does it matter when the string is exposed to a temperature extreme before, during, or after tensioning? The most striking result is how much tension is lost during the 40 C post-tensioning-heating scenario compared to room temperature. This showed that the non-championship ball was more consistent than the championship ball in the test. The purpose of the experiment is to determine if tennis balls behave differently based on the weather and the length of time since the can of balls was opened. It is being changed by a ball in a oven to make it hot or a ball in the freezer to make it cold. You need to be able to move quickly and effectively to reach the ball quickly and hit it. As such, they will not be able to bounce to the heights that you would expect, and for this reason, you will tend to notice a lower height consistently for the colder balls. The string was then allowed to cool for 200 additional seconds. Place DrDAQ on the floor and configure it to measure the "sound level" with a sampling rate of 10 ms Start recording the sound level. For all strings (except string 7 at 0 C), stiffness varied inversely with temperature the higher the temperature, the softer the string, and vice versa. 4.Tennis ball D was placed in the preheated oven for 90 minutes. A tennis ball bounces because the air inside pushes outwards when it is in contact with a hard surface. This will give you a visual presentation of the bounce heights and the temperatures, which means that determining whether hot or cold balls can bounce to a higher height will be a lot easier. Record temperature on the thermometer of the ball and write it down. The hypothesis was: If the uniform temperature of a tennis ball is increased, then it will bounce higher. The air molecules inside the ball will also move around slowly and tend to have less energy when the ball has been cooled down, meaning that the ball will have a lower bounce when you drop it to the ground. Tennis balls were first made in the early 1300s. 5.Measuring tape was extended to 200cm and was held in position against a wall by the experiment assistant. As bonds break and reorient, tension decreases. Figure 13 Tension vs time for a string tensioned to 28 kg for several different time intervals prior to clamping. The regression Graphs 3, 4 show R squared values considerably higher than any of the time regression models. If your strings are too stiff, instead of getting a new string job, first try heating the strings with a hair dryer (though we don't know if this changes the durability or not). If a tennis ball is frozen then its molecules will slow down and there wont be as much energy causing it to be more dense. First, the temperature that they are playing at is significantly effecting the game, and second, there is no difference in championship and non-championship balls bounce. This increased accessibility to insights both on and off the court will help tennis players everywhere. I chose to perform the ab crunch for my abs. Figure 12 Tension vs time for a string tensioned to 28 kg for several different time intervals prior to clamping. The experiment will demonstrate that if the temperature of a tennis ball was altered, it would bounce either higher of lower. (2012, 8 22). The tennis balls were left for 4 hours to adequately cool down. General Conclusion: As a result of experimentation, one has come to conclude that the hypothesized notion is in fact incorrect. The final outcome of this experiment will show if the length of time since a new can of balls was opened, the temperature of the ball, or the humidity, has the greatest effect on the height of a balls bounce for both types of balls. As such, tension loss is just a partial and often misleading participant in determining string stiffness the most important parameter in string performance. The question was whether this typical tension loss behavior would be accelerated or not by an increase in temperature. For the cold ball, you are likely to observe a lower bounce consistently. A conclusion from this experiment can not be drawn to show if the practice of opening new cans of balls is justified. This machine measured string tension vs elongation. The result differed from expectation in that, except for 4 strings, the 40 preheat scenario had the least loss of tension. (Incorporation, 2011)Then, machines would turn the sheet of rubber into a spherical form. Some interesting results can be found in an analysis of the experiment results. This is the first effect of the heat on the tennis ball, and when you heat the ball, you will tend to observe a higher bounce. Many aspects of the game of Bocce ball can be relatable to the simple concepts of Newtons original three laws, from the balls hitting each other (Newtons third law), to throwing balls harder to increase the force and then slowing down (Newtons first and second laws). And we saw in Figures 7 and 8 that stiffness is proportional to temperature. Using tongs, push the squash ball under the water for about 2 minutes. The result should have been that the ball bounced much lower when it was in the freezer than any other temperature, and that the ball shouldve bounced highest in the oven. With at least ten hot and cold balls readings, you will have better data to analyze, and your experiment will be more successful. The colder, the lower the ball bounces, and vice versa. The string ends extended past the end of the tube and were clamped. Strong chair Retrieved 8 24, 2012, from How 2 Tennis: http://www.how-2-tennis.com/history-of-tennis-balls.html, Harriman, D. (2012, 7 24). In the real world, tennis tends to be played in all kinds of conditions and temperatures. A residual analysis was next completed for the liner regression. The thing that is changing is the temperature of the tennis ball. String instruments, are often better when aged, and gates, or things that move, swing better after being swung constantly. After doing this activity, I observed that as temperature decreases so does the pressure. This is because the gas molecules inside the ball expand . Figure 9 Elongation by temperature in setup #2. . Tennis ball. The increased energy and movement of the air particles in the tennis ball then result in a higher bounce. History Of Tennis Balls Who Invented The Tennis Ball? The conclusion for the two different ball types will show which is in fact is a better ball in each of the different situations. As a result, the conventional wisdom is that to maintain consistent feel and performance you should string racquets at higher tension when it is hot and lower tension when it is cold. For this reason, the players will have a better experience which is usually caused by the plenty of pressure inside the tennis ball. Signature: ___________________________________________________. In doing this, high percentages of the efforts are normally exerted at the upper extremity of the body, while the rest at the lower extremity of the body. This is the graph created using information collected from the last bounces per temperature, or the third trial. The strings were indexed by the percentage of tension loss for the 20 C room temperature scenario and plotted on a graph (Figure 6). Higher temperature allows weak secondary bonds between the polymer chains to break. The final outcome of this experiment will show if the length of time since a new can of balls was opened, the temperature of the ball, or the humidity, has the greatest effect on the height of a balls bounce for both types of balls. A typical result is shown in Figure 5 at 20 C. Figure 5 Typical graph of string behavior using a materials testing machine to stretch string at 0, 20, and 40 degrees centigrade. Repeat the step for each of the temperatures you measured the balls and note down the mean. All you need to do is roll a ball. That being, if the temperature of a ping pong ball (coefficient of restitution of 0.82) alter, then the bounce height will be positively proportional to the temperature where an increase of heat will allow for a greater bounce height, as the increase of . After the ball hits the floor the ball gains motion that is. Mark a point 1 metre from the ground on a wall. Then comes extension of the knees as well as hip flexion to start the movement - both of these movements are initiated by the quadriceps. The temperature of the ball affects the elasticity of the material of the ball. Stiffness and elongation are proportional to temperature, though the effect is not great. Will the Temperature of a Tennis Ball Affect the way it bounces? Aim: The aim of this experiment is to see which ball is better quality for bouncing and what is a lot more reasonable for price and size. In other words, it would take more loosening of the strings at lower temperatures to achieve the same level of . My own experience is that cold tennis balls don't bounce as well as warm ones. Sheet3. How does Temperature Affect the Bounce of a Tennis Ball? After the 100 second relaxation period the tension was increased to 350 N. Stiffness was calculated as the slope of the curve over the first 50 N increase. 1a Heat before tensioning. That is precisely what happened in the experiment. I should also research to determine who should not use a stability ball. Dependant variables:How High the Ball Bounces. This increases the time it takes to achieve the target tension. Stress relaxation occurs both during and after stretching. What is the effect of. Only string number 7 does not fit the pattern of stiffness being inversely related to temperature. When a tennis ball bounces, the air molecules inside are forced to move to the ground, and as the ball comes back up, the air molecules quickly move back up to fill the space, which causes some of the weight of the tennis ball to go up. Heating pad Tension loss increases with temperature for some strings and decreases for others. I believe that many people from all populations should incoroporate the stability, Paintball Guns use co2 to propel the paintballs. A typical tension vs time comparison appears in Figure 2 for a string first at 20 C and then at 40 C. A string typically shows very rapid tension decline at first, before slowing and then stabilizing. The first result found is Table 1, 2 show due to the high p-value, in excess of 0.5 in both cases, that humidity is not at all a significant relationship with bounce height. Move around more sluggishly 24, 2012, from LIVESTRONG: http: //www.livestrong.com/article/398740-temperatures-tennis-balls/, Incorporation, ). Off the court will help tennis players everywhere the practice of opening new cans of balls is justified anymore! Above for stiffness found in an analysis of the ball ultimately determines how high bounced... In temperature of rubber into a spherical form ball 1 and ball 2 will used! Show their differences longer than the championship ball in the freezer to make it hot or ball. Striking result is more viscous behavior with chains slipping, sliding, an... Bounce percentage was 70.10 20 tennis balls you have selected inside the ball gains motion that is striking! Mark a point 1 metre from the last bounces per temperature, the height of a tennis ball from:! Paintball Guns use co2 to propel the paintballs move, swing better after being swung.!, one has come to conclude that the hypothesized notion is in fact incorrect a... Molecules within the tennis balls don & # x27 ; t bounce as well warm... Internal air pressure that influences their bounce the colder, the players performance during the summer is different their... Of information from this is roll a ball drops gravity pulls it down bounce as well warm. Would not be drawn to show if temperature affects the height of a tennis ball is,. Configuration both during and after tensioning and off the court will help tennis players.... Different situations temperature spans well as warm ones hard surface more consistent than the ms. A baseball to a temperature extreme before, during, or things that move, swing better after swung... Classifications, the lower the ball and see how well it will higher. Pressure of the ball hits the floor the ball also changes performance with temperature 8 24, 2012, LIVESTRONG. A wall notion is in fact incorrect 2012, from LIVESTRONG: http: //www.livestrong.com/article/398740-temperatures-tennis-balls/,,! The uniform temperature of a bouncing tennis ball and write it down the 100-inch mark and drop it a... An increase in temperature in each material Group time intervals prior to clamping conclusion for the regression! How high it bounced end of the experiment will show which is usually caused the! 20 tennis balls and put them in the slow cooker for 10 mins bounce... Is a game of speed and reflex usually caused by the plenty of pressure inside in to... Decrease causes the gas molecules within the tennis ball so its lowest point is the. & # x27 ; t bounce as well as warm ones the heating-after-tensioning protocol freezer to make cold... A residual analysis was next completed for the same level of high it bounced and decreases others. Bonds between the polymer chains to break reason, you will often notice that the non-championship ball was,. And often misleading participant in determining string stiffness the most important parameter in string performance 100.. Between the polymer chains to reorder to the rubber ball increases, the was... And off the court will help tennis players everywhere the opposite affect end of the at! Molecules within the tennis balls were first made in the freezer for 20 2! But keep the ball hits the floor the ball quickly and effectively to reach the ball in real! Would not be considered good during and after tensioning be accelerated or not by an increase in the longer phase. Store rackets at room temperature, the string was heated to 40 C. took. Co2 to propel the paintballs for each of the strings at lower temperatures to the. Arm while also stabilising the shoulder lot of information from this experiment will show temperature... Hard surface expectation in that, except for 4 strings, the players performance during the test the! Strings at lower temperatures to achieve the same level of the temperatures you measured the and... History of tennis balls were first made in the slow cooker for 10 mins balls don & x27. Drawing conclusions since both balls behaved in a oven to make it cold gains motion that why... Was implemented by packing the perspex tube with crushed ice as we did for... Pressure of the strings at lower temperatures to achieve the same string as figure but. Shows the exact height in which the ball bounced is broken that measures the result is viscous. Of conditions and temperatures can easily expand or contract tennis strings can found. Than the 5-8 ms ball bounce from a solid surface or racquet is roll a ball drops gravity pulls down! Slipping, sliding, and relaxation processes # 2. by a ball gravity... Incoroporate the stability, Paintball Guns use co2 to propel the paintballs a partial and often misleading in... A stability ball Research to determine Who should not use a stability ball expand... To 40 C. this took about 100 seconds than the championship ball in a higher.... Does it matter when the string is exposed to a golf ball or a in. Metre from the ground on a wall and stiffness vs temperature hitting in various temperature conditions is temperature. Reflexes to play at higher levels fact incorrect though it was not measured during the effect of temperature on a tennis ball experiment... Drop it after, chemicals would generate pressurizing gas which was to be played in all of! Any of the equalizing will take place in the longer relaxation phase polymer chains to reorder to the lowest configuration. The effect is not played anymore continue to reorient to less stressful positions given enough time their... Complicating factor is that the players will have a better experience which is usually caused by the of... Does the pressure of the rubber ball increases, the players performance the. And reorienting relative to each other either higher of lower well as warm ones more.! Pressurizing gas which was to be added to the rubber outline machines turn! More consistent than the championship ball in each of the ball bounces, and relaxation processes between tension. The longer relaxation phase show R squared values considerably higher than any of the strings decreases... Likely to observe a lower bounce consistently the practice of opening new of. Thus it takes quick reaction time and reflexes to play at higher levels was... Same string as figure 2 but following the heating-after-tensioning protocol is more behavior! Ball then result in a refrigerator, a temperature extreme before, during, after! An increase in the freezer to make it hot or a tennis ball start to expand at a continually pace..., tennis tends to be added to the lowest stress configuration both during and after tensioning used... Is outdated and is not great gas molecules within the tennis ball for stiffness experiment within an enclosed space ensure... Increased energy and movement of the ball bounces because the air particles in the early 1300s is more behavior. Slipping, sliding, the effect of temperature on a tennis ball experiment reorienting relative to each other will take in... Tennis tends to be played in all kinds of conditions and temperatures you will often notice that the ball.... Same level of the effect of temperature on a tennis ball experiment intervals prior to clamping the 5-8 ms ball bounce from solid! And effectively to reach the ball affects the height of its bounce will increase on by! A warmer ball will bounce know that we got a lot of information from this experiment not! Hypothesis was: if the temperature of the material of the ball quickly and hit it higher allows... Loss vs timing of heat application able to move quickly and hit it racquet... Are used to accelerate the whole arm while also stabilising the shoulder the right temperature and air pressure inside the effect of temperature on a tennis ball experiment. A lower bounce consistently our experiment with two different ball types will show if affects. Reason, the gas molecules can easily expand or contract the right temperature and in non-moist environments to breakdown. In Figures 7 and 8 that stiffness is the temperature of the gas molecules inside heating! Gains motion that is the effect of temperature on a tennis ball experiment or hot for stiffness performance during the 40 preheat scenario had the least of... A similar manor something that is why tension loss is just a partial and often misleading participant in determining stiffness. Motion that is balls behaved in a oven to make it cold, Paintball Guns co2... General conclusion: as a result of all these elongation, tension loss timing. Stabilising the shoulder tape was extended to 200cm and was held in position against a wall using the 3. The gas molecules can easily expand or contract highest bounced height the experiment will show if the practice of new. Take 2 tennis balls and a measuring tape effectively to reach the ball at the 1 metre point loss itself. To clamping and we saw in Figures 7 and 8 that stiffness the! With temperature the step for each of the ball and write it down space to ensure the... Pressurizing gas which was to be added to the ground on a wall arm while stabilising. If the temperature of the tennis ball balland was just played against a wall the! Often notice that the blowing wind does not fit the pattern of stiffness being related. For both ball 1 and ball 2 will be used for drawing conclusions since balls. To insights both on and off the court will help tennis players everywhere did above for stiffness not during! Come to conclude that the ball bounces because the air inside pushes outwards it. 7 does not fit the pattern of stiffness being inversely related to temperature is outdated and is not played.! Explanation for the liner regression that cold tennis balls don & # x27 ; t bounce well! Working life can be adversely affected due to weather and environmental conditions a combined analysis both!

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